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NITRATES

NITRATES

BRAND & GENERIC NAMES

AMYL NITRITE Nitroglyn
Ang-O-Span Nitrol
Apo-ISDN Nitrolin
Cardilate Nitrolingual
Coronex Nitro-Long
Deponit Nitronet
Dilatrate SR Nitrong
Duotrate Nitrong SR
ERYTHRITYL Nitrospan
TETRANITRATE Nitrostabilin
Iso-Bid Nitrostat
Isochron Nitro-Time
Isonate Novosorbide
Isonate TR NTS
Isordil Onset
ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE PENTAERYTHRITOL
Isotrate TETRANITRATE
Klavikordal Pentol
Naptrate Pentol S.A.
N-G-C Pentraspan SR
Niong Pentritol
Nitro-Bid Pentylan
Nitrobon Peritrate
Nitrocap Peritrate Forte
Nitrocap T.D. Peritrate SA
Nitrocardin Sorate
Nitrodisc Sorbide T.D.
Nitro-Dir Sorbitrate
Nitro-Dur II Sorbitrate SA
Nitrogard Transderm-Nitro
Nitrogard SR Tridil
NITROGLYCERIN

BASIC INFORMATION

  • Habit forming? No
  • Prescription needed? Yes
  • Available as generic? Yes
  • Drug class: Antianginal (nitrate)

    USES

  • Reduces frequency and severity of angina attacks.
  • Treats congestive heart failure.

    DOSAGE & USAGE INFORMATION

    How to take:

  • Extended-release tablets or capsules-- Swallow each dose whole with liquid.
  • Chewable tablet--Chew tablet at earliest sign of angina, and hold in mouth for 2 minutes.
  • Regular tablet or capsule--Swallow whole with liquid. Don't crush, chew or open.
  • Buccal tablets (Nitrogard)--Allow to dissolve in side of mouth.
  • Translingual spray (nitrolingual)--Spray under tongue according to instructions enclosed with prescription.
  • Ointment--Apply as directed.
  • Patches--Apply to skin according to package instructions.
  • Sublingual tablets--Place under tongue every 3 to 5 minutes at earliest sign of angina. If you don't have complete relief with 3 or 4 tablets, call doctor. When to take:
  • Swallowed tablets--Take at the same times each day, 1 or 2 hours after meals.
  • Sublingual tablets or spray--At onset of angina.
  • Ointment--Follow prescription directions.
  • Patches--According to physician's instructions. If you forget a dose: Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If more than 2 hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't double this dose). What drug does: Relaxes blood vessels, increasing blood flow to heart muscle.

    Time lapse before drug works:

  • Sublingual tablets and spray--1 to 3 minutes.
  • Other forms--15 to 30 minutes. Will not stop an attack, but may prevent attacks. Don't take with: Any other medicines, even over-the-counter drugs such as cough and cold medicines, nose drops, diet pills, laxatives or caffeine, without consulting your doctor. OVERDOSE SYMPTOMS: Dizziness; blue fingernails and lips; fainting; shortness of breath; weak, fast heartbeat; convulsions. WHAT TO DO:
  • Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
  • See EMERGENCY INFORMATION.

    POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS

    SYMPTOMS WHAT TO DO

    Life-threatening:
    None expected.
    Common:
    Headache, flushed Continue. Tell doctor
    face and neck, at next visit.
    dry mouth, nausea,
    vomiting, rapid heartbeat.
    Infrequent:

  • Fainting. Discontinue. Call doctor right away.
  • Restlessness, Continue. Call doctor blurred vision. when convenient. Rare:
  • Rash. Discontinue. Call doctor right away.
  • Severe irritation, Continue. Call doctor peeling. when convenient.

    WARNINGS & PRECAUTIONS

    Don't take if:
    You are allergic to nitrates, including nitroglycerin.

    Before you start, consult your doctor:

  • If you are taking non-prescription drugs.
  • If you plan to become pregnant within medication period.
  • If you have glaucoma.
  • If you have reacted badly to any vasodilator drug.
  • If you drink alcoholic beverages or smoke marijuana. Pregnancy: No proven harm to unborn child. Avoid if possible. Infants & children: Don't give to infants or young children unless prescribed and monitored by your physician. Prolonged use: Drug may become less effective and require higher doses. Skin & sunlight: No age-related problems expected.

    Driving or hazardous activities:
    Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how medicine
    affects you. Don't work around dangerous machinery. Don't climb
    ladders or work in high places. Danger increases if you drink
    alcohol or take medicine affecting alertness and reflexes.
    Discontinuing:
    Except for sublingual tablets, don't discontinue without
    doctor's advice until you complete prescribed dose, even though
    symptoms diminish or disappear.
    Others:

  • If discomfort is not caused by angina, nitrate medication will not bring relief. Call doctor if discomfort persists.
  • Periodic urine and laboratory blood studies of white cell counts recommended if you take nitrates.
  • Keep sublingual tablets in original container. Always carry them with you, but keep from body heat if possible.
  • Sublingual tablets produce a burning, stinging sensation when placed under the tongue. Replace supply if no burning or stinging is noted.

    POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER DRUGS

    Anticholinergics Increased internal-eye
    (see Drugs Glossary) pressure.
    Antidepressants, Excessive blood-
    tricyclic (TCA, pressure drop.
    see Drugs Glossary)
    Antihypertensives Excessive blood-
    (see Drugs Glossary) pressure drop.
    Beta-adrenergic Excessive blood-
    blockers (see pressure drop.
    Drugs Glossary)
    Calcium channel Decreased blood
    blockers (see pressure.
    Drugs Glossary)
    Cholinergics Decreased cholinergic
    (see Drugs Glossary) effect.
    Ephedrine Decreased nitrate effect.
    Guanfacine Increased effect of both drugs.
    Narcotics Excessive blood-
    (see Drugs Glossary) pressure drop.
    Phenothiazines May decrease blood
    (see Drugs Glossary) pressure.
    Sympathomimetics Possible reduced
    (see Drugs Glossary) effects of both medicines.

    POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES

    Marijuana: Decreased nitrate effect.
    Tobacco: Decreased nitrate effect.

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