ANTIDIABETICS, ORAL |
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ANTIDIABETICS, ORAL
BRAND & GENERIC NAMES
See complete list of brand and generic names in the Brand &
Generic Name Directory.
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? No
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? No
Drug class: Antidiabetic (oral), sulfonurea
USES
Treatment for diabetes in adults and children who can't control
blood sugar by diet, weight loss and exercise.
DOSAGE & USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Tablet -- Swallow with liquid or food to lessen stomach
irritation. If you can't swallow whole, crumble tablet and take
with liquid or food.
When to take:
At the same times each day.
If you forget a dose:
Take as soon as you remember up to 2 hours late. If more than 2
hours, wait for next scheduled dose (don't double this dose).
What drug does:
Stimulates pancreas to produce more insulin. Insulin in blood
forces cells to use sugar in blood.
Time lapse before drug works:
3 to 4 hours. May require 2 weeks for maximum benefit.
Don't take with:
Any other medicines, even over-the-counter drugs such as cough
and cold medicines, nose drops, diet pills, laxatives or
caffeine, without consulting your doctor.
OVERDOSE
SYMPTOMS:
Excessive hunger, nausea, anxiety, cool skin, cold sweats,
drowsiness, rapid heartbeat, weakness, unconsciousness, coma.
WHAT TO DO:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
See EMERGENCY INFORMATION.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
SYMPTOMS WHAT TO DO
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Dizziness. Discontinue. Call doctor right
away.
Diarrhea, appetite Continue. Call doctor
loss, nausea, when convenient.
stomach pain,
heartburn.
Infrequent:
Low blood sugar Discontinue. Seek
(hunger, anxiety, emergency treatment.
cold sweats, rapid
pulse), drowsiness,
nervousness, headache,
weakness, rapid heartbeat.
Rare:
Itching or rash, Discontinue. Call
sore throat, fever, doctor right away.
ringing in ears,
unusual bleeding or
bruising, fatigue,
jaundice, joint pain,
numbness or tingling in
hands or feet.
Excess urination at Continue. Call doctor
night. when convenient.
WARNINGS & PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any sulfonurea.
You have impaired kidney or liver function.
Before you start, consult your doctor
If you have a severe infection.
If you have thyroid disease.
If you take insulin.
If you have heart disease.
Pregnancy:
No proven harm to unborn child. Avoid if possible.
Infants & children:
Don't give to infants or young children unless prescribed and
monitored by your physician.
Prolonged use:
None expected.
Skin & sunlight:
May cause rash or intensify sunburn in areas exposed to sun or
sunlamp.
Driving or hazardous activities:
No age-related problems expected unless you develop hypoglycemia
(low blood sugar). If so, avoid driving or hazardous activity.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without consulting doctor. Dose may require
gradual reduction if you have taken drug for a long time. Doses
of other drugs may also require adjustment.
Others:
Don't exceed recommended dose.
Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) may occur, even with proper dose
schedule. You must balance medicine, diet and exercise.
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| Androgens |
Increased |
| (see Drugs Glossary) |
antidiabetic effect. |
| Anticoagulants (oral, |
Unpredictable |
| see Drugs Glossary) |
prothrombin times. |
| Anticonvulsants |
Decreased |
| (hydantoin, see |
antidiabetic |
| Drugs Glossary) |
effect. |
| Aspirin |
Increased antidiabetic effect. |
| Beta-adrenergic |
Increased |
| blockers (see |
antidiabetic effect. |
| Drugs Glossary) |
Possible increased difficulty in |
| |
regulating blood-sugar levels. |
| Chloramphenicol |
Increased antidiabetic effect. |
| Clofibrate |
Increased antidiabetic effect. |
| Contraceptives (oral, |
Decreased |
| see Drugs Glossary) |
antidiabetic effect. |
| Cortisone drugs |
Decreased antidiabetic effect. |
| Diuretics (thiazide, |
Decreased |
| see Drugs Glossary) |
antidiabetic effect. |
| Epinephrine |
Decreased antidiabetic effect. |
| Estrogens |
Increased antidiabetic effect. |
| Guanethidine |
Unpredictable antidiabetic effect. |
| Labetolol |
Increased antidiabetic effect, may |
| |
mask hypoglycemia. |
| Non-steroidal |
Increased |
| anti-inflammatory |
antidiabetic effect. |
| drugs (NSAIDs, |
| see Drugs Glossary) |
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
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| Tobacco: |
None expected. |
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