ANTICONVULSANTS, HYDANTOIN |
|
ANTICONVULSANTS, HYDANTOIN
BRAND & GENERIC NAMES
Dantoin Diabinese
Dilantin Dimelor
Dilantin Infatabs Dymelor
Dilantin Kapseals Euglucon
Dilantin-125 Glibenclamide
Dilantin-30-Pediatric GLIPIZIDE
Di-Phen Glucamide
Diphenylan Glucotrol
Diphenylhydantoin GLYBURIDE
ETHOTOIN Micronase
MEPHENYTOIN Mobenol
Mesantoin Novobutamide
Novophenytoin Novopropamide
Peganone Oramide
PHENYTOIN Orinase
ANTIDIABETICS, ORAL Ronase
ACETOHEXAMIDE SK-Tolbutamide
Apo-Chlorpropamide TOLAZAMIDE
Apo-Tolbutamide TOLBUTAMIDE
CHLORPROPAMIDE Tolinase
DiaBeta
BASIC INFORMATION
Habit forming? No
Prescription needed? Yes
Available as generic? Yes
Drug class: Anticonvulsant (hydantoin)
USES
Prevents epileptic seizures.
Stabilizes irregular heartbeat.
DOSAGE & USAGE INFORMATION
How to take:
Capsule--Swallow with liquid.
Chewable tablets--Chew carefully before swallowing.
Suspension--Shake well before taking with liquid.
When to take:
At the same time each day.
If you forget a dose:
If drug taken 1 time per day--Take as soon as you remember up
to 12 hours late. If more than 12 hours, wait for next scheduled
dose (don't double this dose).
If taken several times per day--Take as soon as possible, then
return to regular schedule.
What drug does:
Promotes sodium loss from nerve fibers. This lessens
excitability and inhibits spread of nerve impulses.
Time lapse before drug works:
7 to 10 days continual use.
Don't take with:
Any other medicines, even over-the-counter drugs such as cough
and cold medicines, nose drops, diet pills, laxatives or
caffeine, without consulting your doctor.
OVERDOSE
SYMPTOMS:
Jerky eye movements; stagger; slurred speech; imbalance;
drowsiness; blood-pressure drop; slow, shallow breathing; coma.
WHAT TO DO:
Dial 0 (operator) or 911 (emergency) for an ambulance or
medical help. Then give first aid immediately.
See EMERGENCY INFORMATION.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE REACTIONS OR SIDE EFFECTS
SYMPTOMS WHAT TO DO
Life-threatening:
None expected.
Common:
Enlarged, tender, Continue. Call doctor
receding gums with when convenient.
increased likelihood
of bleeding; nausea;
vomiting; constipation;
mild dizziness;
sleeplessness.
Infrequent:
Hallucinations, Discontinue. Call
confusion, slurred doctor right away.
speech, stagger, rash,
change in vision.
Headache, diarrhea, Continue. Call doctor
drowsiness, muscle when convenient.
twitching.
Increased body Continue. Tell doctor
and facial hair. at next visit.
Rare:
Sore throat, fever, Discontinue. Call
stomach pain, doctor right away.
unusual bleeding or
bruising, swollen lymph
glands, jaundice.
WARNINGS & PRECAUTIONS
Don't take if:
You are allergic to any hydantoin anticonvulsant.
Before you start, consult your doctor:
If you have had impaired liver function or disease.
If you will have surgery within 2 months, including dental
surgery, requiring general or spinal anesthesia.
Pregnancy:
Risk to unborn child outweighs drug benefits. Don't use.
Infants & children:
Use only under medical supervision.
Prolonged use:
Weakened bones.
Lymph gland enlargement.
Possible liver damage.
Numbness and tingling of hands and feet.
Continual back-and-forth eye movements.
Bleeding, swollen or tender gums.
Skin & sunlight:
May cause rash or intensify sunburn in areas exposed to sun or
sunlamp.
Driving or hazardous activities:
Don't drive or pilot aircraft until you learn how medicine
affects you. Don't work around dangerous machinery. Don't climb
ladders or work in high places. Danger increases if you drink
alcohol or take medicine affecting alertness and reflexes.
Discontinuing:
Don't discontinue without consulting doctor. Dose may require
gradual reduction if you have taken drug for a long time. Doses
of other drugs may also require adjustment.
Others:
No age-related problems expected.
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| Anticoagulants |
Increased effect of |
| (see Drugs Glossary) |
anticoagulant. |
| Antidepressants, |
Decreased hydantoin |
| tricyclic (TCA, |
anticonvulsant effect. |
| see Drugs Glossary) |
Dose may require adjustment. |
| Barbiturates |
Changed seizure pattern. |
| (see Drugs Glossary) |
| Carbamazepine |
Possible increased hydantoin |
| |
anticonvulsant metabolism. |
| Carbonic anhydrase |
Increased chance of |
| inhibitors |
bone disease. |
| (see Drugs Glossary) |
| Chloramphenicol |
Increased hydantoin anticonvulsant |
| |
effect. |
| Cimetidine |
Increased hydantoin anticonvulsant |
| |
toxicity. |
| Contraceptives (oral, |
Increased seizures. |
| see Drugs Glossary) |
Menstrual irregularities. |
| Cortisone drugs |
Decreased cortisone |
| (see Drugs Glossary) |
effect. |
| Cyclosporine |
May decrease cyclosporine effect. |
| Digitalis preparations |
Decreased digitalis |
| (see Drugs Glossary) |
effect. |
| Disopyramide |
Decreased disopyramide effect. |
| Disulfiram |
Increased hydantoin anticonvulsant |
| |
effect. |
| Encainide |
Increased effect of toxicity on |
| |
heart muscle. |
| Estrogens |
Increased estrogen |
| (see Drugs Glossary) |
effect. |
| Furosemide |
Decreased furosemide effect. |
| Gold compounds |
Increased phenytoin |
| (see Drugs Glossary) |
blood levels. Phenytoin dose may |
| |
require adjustment. |
| Griseofulvin |
Increased griseofulvin effect. |
| Hypoglycemics (oral, |
Possible decreased |
| see Drugs Glossary) |
hypoglycemic effect. |
| Isoniazid |
Increased phenytoin effect. |
| Leucovorin |
May counteract the effect of |
| |
phenytoin or any hydantoin |
| |
anticonvulsant. |
| Loxapine |
Decreased anticonvulsant effect of |
| |
phenytoin or any hydantoin |
| |
anticonvulsant. |
| MAO inhibitors |
Increased polythiazide |
| (see Drugs Glossary) |
effect. |
| Methadone |
Decreased methadone effect. |
| Methylphenidate |
Increased phenytoin effect. |
| Molindone |
Increased phenytoin effect. |
| Nitrates |
Excessive |
| (see Drugs Glossary) |
blood-pressure drop. |
| Oxyphenbutazone |
Increased phenytoin effect. |
| Para-aminosalicylic |
Increased phenytoin |
| acid (PAS) |
effect. |
| Phenothiazines |
Increased |
| (see Drugs Glossary) |
phenytoin effect. |
| Phenylbutazone |
Increased phenytoin effect. |
| Potassium supplements |
Decreased |
| (see Drugs Glossary) |
potassium effect. |
| Probenecid |
Decreased probenecid effect. |
| Propranolol |
Increased propranolol effect. |
| Quinidine |
Increased quinidine effect. |
| Sedatives |
Increased |
| (see Drugs Glossary) |
sedative effect. |
| Sulfa drugs |
Increased |
| (see Drugs Glossary) |
phenytoin effect. |
| Theophylline |
Reduced anticonvulsant effect. |
| Trimethoprim |
Increased phenytoin effect. |
| Valproic acid |
Unpredictable change in seizure |
| |
control. |
POSSIBLE INTERACTION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES
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| Tobacco: |
None expected. |
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