HIP SYNOVITIS |
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General Information
DEFINITION--Inflammation of the synovium, the smooth, lubricated lining of the hip joint. The synovium's lubricating fluid allows the hip to move freely and prevents bone surfaces from rubbing against each other. Synovitis is often a complication of an injury, such as a fracture, or of collagen diseases, such as gout or rheumatoid arthritis.
BODY PARTS INVOLVED
Lining of the hip joint.
Bones of the hip, including the thigh bone and pelvis.
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SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
Pain in the hip joint with movement.
Swelling in the hip.
Tenderness and redness in the hip area, if inflammation is caused from infection or a disease rather than from athletic injury.
CAUSES
Any direct blow to the hip or other hip injury that damages the synovium of the hip joint. Most hip synovitis can be traced back to an injury, even though the athlete cannot remember the injury.
Bacterial infection in the hip, usually from gonorrhea or as a complication of an open hip fracture.
Inflammatory joint disease, such as gout or rheumatoid arthritis.
RISK INCREASES WITH
Contact sports, such as football or soccer.
Previous hip injury.
Vitamin or mineral deficiency, which makes complications following injury more likely.
HOW TO PREVENT
Engage in a vigorous muscle strengthening and conditioning program prior to beginning regular participation in sports. Overall strength and muscle tone makes injury less likely. Also, warm up adequately before competition or workouts.
When appropriate, wear hip pads to protect the hip area during participation in contact sports.
WHAT TO EXPECT
APPROPRIATE HEALTH CARE
Doctor's care.
Self-care during rehabilitation.
Physical therapy.
DIAGNOSTIC MEASURES
Your own observation of symptoms.
Medical history and physical exam by a doctor.
X-rays of the hip joint.
Laboratory examination of any fluid removed.
POSSIBLE COMPLICATIONS
Prolonged healing time if activity is resumed too soon.
Proneness to repeated hip injury.
Unstable or arthritic hip following repeated bouts of synovitis.
Chronic synovitis that may prevent athletic participation.
PROBABLE OUTCOMEHip synovitis can usually be cured completely in 3 to 5 weeks with rest, heat and corticosteroid injections. However, recurrences are common following minor hip injuries.
HOW TO TREAT
NOTE -- Follow your doctor's instructions. These instructions are supplemental.
FIRST AIDNone. This condition develops gradually.
CONTINUING CARE
Follow your doctor's instructions for treatment of any underlying condition.
Apply heat frequently. Use heat lamps, hot soaks, hot showers, heating pads, or heat liniments and ointments.
Take whirlpool treatments, if available.
Massage gently and often to provide comfort and decrease swelling.
MEDICATION
Your doctor may prescribe:
Antibiotics if infection is present.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or antigout medicine.
Injection of a long-acting local anesthetic mixed with a corticosteroid to help reduce pain and inflammation.
You may take aspirin or ibuprofen for minor discomfort.
ACTIVITYUse crutches to prevent weight-bearing until pain subsides. Resume normal activity gradually.
DIETDuring recovery, eat a well-balanced diet that includes extra protein, such as meat, fish, poultry, cheese, milk and eggs. Increase fiber and fluid intake to prevent constipation that may result from decreased activity.
REHABILITATION
Begin daily rehabilitation exercises when pain subsides after clearance from your doctor.
Use ice massage for 10 minutes before and after exercise. Fill a large Styrofoam cup with water and freeze. Tear a small amount of foam from the top so ice protrudes. Massage firmly over the injured area in a circle about the size of a softball.
See section on rehabilitation exercises.
CALL YOUR DOCTOR IF
Your hip becomes red, hot, tender and painful.
You develop signs of infection (headache, fever, muscle aches, dizziness or a general ill feeling) after injection of the hip.
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